From the Sultan to Ataturk

Modern Turkey is a country that stands between two worlds, a state with an avowedlysecular constitution which is a member of NATO but an overwhelmingly Islamic population which causes alarm in European countries when it seeks European Union membership. This country was the creation of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (1881 1938), a Turkish general whose military victories over the Greeks in 1922 gave him the power to shape the Turkish state to his own design.